lunedì 14 marzo 2011

Band heterotopia

CASE 1 (7-month-old)






CASE 2 (Pre-adolescent)






Findings

Case 1: Axial and coronal T2-weighted images of the brain in a 7-month-old girl with seizures demonstrate a band of isointense signal within the subcortical white matter, characteristic of band heterotopia.
Case 2: Axial and coronal T1-weighted images demonstrate band heterotopia, better seen in this preadolescent girl due to completion of myelination.


Diagnosis: Band heterotopia


Band heterotopia is a rare neuronal migration anomaly which manifests as homogenous bands of gray matter are interposed between the lateral ventricles and cortical mantle with normal appearing white matter on either side. The overlying cortex may be normal, pachygyric, or display a simplified gyral pattern with short gyri and shallow sulci. At least six morphologically distinct subtypes have been described. Band heterotopias represent a subset of gray matter heterotopia which also includes subependymal and subcortical heterotopia subtypes.

Band heterotopia typically affects female patients as a result of an X-linked dominant inheritance pattern secondary to abnormal function of the doublecortin (DCX) gene (Xp22.3-p23) or less frequently the LIS1 (17p13.3) gene. Male patients can be affected due to sporadic mutations of these genes (41 reported cases in the literature by D’Agostino, et al in 2002). The rate of detectable mutations involving DCX or LIS1 in male patients (42%) is lower than the rate of 85% described in female patients. Dysmorphic features described in patients with band heterotopia include microcephaly (most common), wide nasal bridge, high arched palate, and short stature.

The clinical presentation of band heterotopia can range from normal to nearly normal intelligence and mild developmental delay to frank mental retardation. Seizures are often also present and may begin in the first decade, ranging from partial to generalized or multiple seizure types. The discovery of the underlying brain malformation is due to the onset of seizures in 65% of patients. Eventually 95% of patients with band heterotopias will develop epilepsy. Seizures associated with band heterotopia are often refractory to medical therapy, and surgical therapies such as callosotomy may be performed in these patients. In the series of 30 male patients published in 2002, 46% of patients were refractory to medical therapy and experienced up to 20-30 seizures daily despite trails of multiple therapeutic regimens. Affected male patients tend to have either mild or severe symptoms, whereas, female patients tend to have symptoms within the mild to moderate range of the spectrum from minimal cognitive impairment to severe mental retardation. Posterior involvement, in particular the partial posterior and intermediate posterior subtypes, occur more commonly in male patients. Frontal and diffuse subtypes are more often present in affected female patients.

39 commenti:

  1. Superb explanation & it's too clear to understand the concept as well, keep sharing admin with some updated information with right examples.Keep update more posts.
    Sharepoint Training in Chennai
    PHP Training in Chennai
    Android Training in Chennai
    SAS Training in Chennai
    AWS Training in Chennai

    RispondiElimina
  2. I was recommended this web site by means of my cousin.
    I am now not certain whether this post is written through him as nobody else recognise such precise about my difficulty. You're amazing! Thank you!

    Selenium training in bangalore
    Selenium training in Chennai
    Selenium training in Bangalore
    Selenium training in Pune
    Selenium Online training

    RispondiElimina
  3. Questo commento è stato eliminato dall'autore.

    RispondiElimina
  4. This is most informative and also this post most user friendly and super navigation to all posts... Thank you so much for giving this information to me..
    lenovo mobile service centre in chennai
    lenovo service center in velachery
    lenovo service center in porur
    lenovo service center in vadapalani

    RispondiElimina
  5. It is no secret that I have a very deep and personal relationship with God. I have pushed and resisted that relationship this past year through all the bullshit I have had to go through living with Herpes but once again, God is bigger than my stubbornness and broke through that outbreak cold sore and all I had Genital Herpes. For me personally, hearing over and over how I am not good enough has really invaded my mind in the worst way possible. I completely shut down and I was just waking up like is this how life going to end this temporary herpes outbreak “fuck everybody with herpes if you know what I mean” but let's be honest here...
    It is a cowardly to say no to herbal medicine. It is fear based. And it is dishonest to what my heart wants. Don't build a wall around yourself because you are afraid of herbals made or taking a bold step especially when it's come to health issues and getting cure. So many young men/ women tell me over and over that Dr Itua is going to scam me but I give him a try to today I feel like no one will ever convince me about herbal medicine I accept Dr Itua herbal medicine because it's cure my herpes just two weeks of drinking it and i have been living for a year and months now I experience outbreak no more, You can contact him if you need his herbal medicine for any such diseases like, Herpes, Schizophrenia,Cancer,Scoliosis,Fibromyalgia,Fluoroquinolone Toxicity Syndrome Fibrodysplasia Ossificans Progressiva.Fatal Familial Insomnia Factor V Leiden Mutation ,Epilepsy Dupuytren's disease,Desmoplastic,Diabetes ,Coeliac disease,Creutzfeldt–Jakob,,Lyme Disease,Epilepsy, ,ALS,Hepatitis,Copd,Parkinson disease.Genetic disease,Fibrodysplasia disease,Fibrodysplasia Ossificans Men/Woman infertility, bowel disease ,Huntington's disease ,Diabetes,Fibroid. disease,Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy, Ataxia,Arthritis,Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis,Alzheimer's disease,Adrenocortical carcinoma.Asthma,Allergic,HIV, Epilepsy, Infertility, Love Spell,. Email..drituaherbalcenter@gmail.com then what's app.+2348149277967.... My advice to any sick men/women out there is simple... Be Always an open book. Be gut wrenching honest about yourself, your situation, and what you are all about. Don't hold anything back. Holding back will get you nowhere...maybe a one way ticket to lonelyville and that is NOT somewhere you want to be. So my final truth...and I'm just starting to grasp this one.

    RispondiElimina
  6. well said about Static Access to Context outside of an Activity orAutomation Anywhere Training .hadoop training institutes in bangalore

    RispondiElimina
  7. Thank you so much for the great and very beneficial stuff that you have shared with the world.

    Upgrade your career Learn AWS Training from industry experts get Complete hands-on Training, Interview preparation, and Job Assistance at Bangalore Training Academy Located in BTM Layout.

    RispondiElimina
  8. Really i appreciate the effort you made to share the knowledge. The topic here i found was really effective...

    Learn SAP from the Industry Experts we bridge the gap between the need of the industry. eTechno Soft Solutions provide the Best IT Training in Bangalore .

    RispondiElimina

  9. This is most informative and also this post most user friendly and super navigation to all posts. Thank you so much for giving this information to me. AWS training in Chennai.

    Java training in chennai | Java training in annanagar | Java training in omr | Java training in porur | Java training in tambaram | Java training in velachery

    RispondiElimina
  10. I have express a few of the articles on your website now, and I really like your style of blogging. I added it to my favorite’s blog site list and will be checking back soon…
    Data Analytics Course in Hyderabad

    RispondiElimina
  11. his is most informative and also this post most user friendly and super navigation to all posts. Thank you so much for giving this information to me. AWS training in
    AWS training in Chennai

    AWS Online Training in Chennai

    AWS training in Bangalore

    AWS training in Hyderabad

    AWS training in Coimbatore

    AWS training

    RispondiElimina
  12. It's actually a great and helpful piece of information. I am satisfied that you just shared this useful information for us. Reverse Flash Jacket

    RispondiElimina
  13. It was not first article by this author as I always found him as a talented author.
    allison hargreeves leather jacket

    RispondiElimina
  14. Thank you so much for this helpful blog sharing with us. Visit Ogen Infosystem for creative website designing and SEO Services at affordable price.
    Website Designing Company

    RispondiElimina
  15. I was diagnose April 17,2015 and find out I'm HIV positive.I was scared because there is no cure for HIV/AIDS but today some people still don't believe that there is cure for HIV, it can only be cured through Africans root and herbs,and our doctor's here in USA few of them know about the African herbal medicine can cure Hiv but they chooses to hide it from us just to make a sales of medical expertise. I did a research online finding way to get rid of my disease,I saw a comment about a herbal doctor on internet Name Dr itua ,who has cured several disease with his powerful herbal medicine, I contacted him on whats-app, chat with him explain my self to him.He said he can cure hiv perfectly well , he gave me his request which i send to him. within 5 days he sent me the herbal medicine through ups courier delivering service And told me how to take the medicine for 2 weeks to get cured,I did for 2 weeks, within this 7 days i notice a very big change in my health and i new some thing great has happened then i went to confirm my result after finishing the herbal medicine for two weeks it was absolutely negative.The doctor who new i was hiv positive was asking me how come i am negative, what did it took to get cure and were did i get this medicine from and how did i get rid of it I told him every thing about the herbal medicine that cure me. imagine doctor telling me not to let anyone know about it,I wasn't shock though i knew they know about the herbal cure but chose to hide it in other to make sales on medicals expertise,if you are HIV positive Or other disease such as,Sickle Cell,Cancer,Hiv,Herpes,Shingles, Hepatitis B,Liver Inflammatory,Diabetes,Fibroid,Parkinson's,Alzheimer’s disease,Bechet’s disease,Crohn’s disease,Cushing’s disease,Heart failure,Multiple Sclerosis ,Epilepsy Dupuytren's disease,Desmoplastic small-round-cell tumor Diabetes ,Coeliac disease, Ataxia,Arthritis,Amyotrophic Lateral Scoliosis,Syndrome Fibrodysplasia Ossificans ProgresS sclerosis,Seizures,Adrenocortical carcinoma.Asthma,Allergic diseases,,Copd,Glaucoma., Cataracts,Macular degeneration,Cardiovascular disease,Lung disease.Enlarged prostate,Osteoporosis.Autism,Fibromyalgia,Fluoroquinolone Toxicity,Dementia.,Lyme Disease,,Non Hodgkin Lymphoma,Skin Cancer,Uterine Cancer,Prostate Cancer Dercum,Lupus,Hpv,Weak Erection,Infertility,fibromyalgia,Chronic Diarrhea,Get Your Ex Back,Als,SYPHILIS,Colo-Rectal Cancer,Blood Cancer,Breast CANCER,Lung Cancer,Prostate Cancer,Autism,Brain Cancer,Genetic disease,Epilepsy, Parkinson's disease,.. please contact my savior drituaherbalcenter@gmail.com or WHATSAPP number +2348149277967..

    RispondiElimina
  16. Reading this info So i am glad to convey that I have a very just right uncanny feeling I found out exactly what I needed. See more aboutsports betting: 파워볼 Learn more about my site!!

    RispondiElimina
  17. I am looking for and I love to post a comment that "The content of your post is awesome" Great work! 카지노사이트

    RispondiElimina
  18. I read this article. I think You put a lot of effort to create this article. I appreciate your work. ranboo varsity jacket

    RispondiElimina
  19. Nice post. Thank you to provide us this useful information. Commissar Coat

    RispondiElimina
  20. 360DigiTMG, the top-rated organisation among the most prestigious industries around the world, is an educational destination for those looking to pursue their dreams around the globe. The company is changing careers of many people through constant improvement, 360DigiTMG provides an outstanding learning experience and distinguishes itself from the pack. 360DigiTMG is a prominent global presence by offering world-class training. Its main office is in India and subsidiaries across Malaysia, USA, East Asia, Australia, Uk, Netherlands, and the Middle East.

    RispondiElimina
  21. Thankyou for posting this

    Dr. Arvind Nanda provides one of the best brain hemorrhage treatment in Delhi and he offers interventional radiology treatments for the brain hemorrhagic stroke.

    RispondiElimina
  22. This post is good enough to make somebody understand this amazing thing, and I’m sure everyone will appreciate this interesting things. data scientist course in kanpur

    RispondiElimina
  23. Great tips and very easy to understand. This will definitely be very useful for me when I get a chance to start my blog. data science course in mysore

    RispondiElimina
  24. I have Microsoft Office 2016 installed on a computer that I am replacing and I cannot find the DVD/Product Key. Is there any way to get MS Office 2016 With Crack

    RispondiElimina
  25. Thanks a lot for all your valuable articles! We are really happy about your thoughts...
    Digital Marketing Training In Bangalore

    RispondiElimina
  26. Questo commento è stato eliminato dall'autore.

    RispondiElimina
  27. Thanks for sharing useful information. For more info visit here :
    < a href = "https://neuraxis.in/epilepsy.html"> Best Doctors For Epilepsy Treatment in Gurgaon

    RispondiElimina